Change the Voice ( HSLC examination previous years paper solved

 

                         ( Voice) ( বাচ্য )
* Subject ( কৰ্তা ):- কোনো বাক্যত যাৰ সম্পৰ্কে কোৱা হয় তাকে Subject বুলি কোৱা হয়।
* Predicate( বিধেয়):- Subject ৰ সম্পৰ্কে বা Subject -ক উদ্দেশ্য কৰি যি কোৱা হয় তাকে Predicate বোলে ।
যেনে:- Ram is eating rice.
য'ত , Ram-> হ'ল Subject.
       is eating rice.-> হ'ল Predicate.
       Rice-> হ'ল Object.
*  Transitive Verb:- যিবোৰ Verb এ আন শব্দৰ সহায় নোলোৱাকৈ অৰ্থ সম্পূৰ্ণ কৰিব নোৱাৰে সেইবোৰক Transitive Verb বোলে। অৰ্থাৎ Object ৰ প্ৰয়োজন হয়।
* Object ৰ সংজ্ঞা:- Verb এ কৰা কাম বা বুজোৱা অৱস্থা কৰ্তাৰ পৰা যিবোৰ শব্দলৈ থেলি পঠিওৱা হয়, সেইবোৰ শব্দই Object.
* Object দুই প্ৰকাৰৰ:-
1) Direct Object আৰু 2) Indirect Object.
* Direct Object:- বস্তু বা দ্ৰব্য বুজাবলে Direct object বুলি কোৱা হয়।
* Indirect Object:- ব্যক্তি বুজালে indirect object বুলি কোৱা হয়।
উদাহৰণ:- I gave a book to my brother.
                a book --> Direct object.
                my brother--> Indirect object.
* Voice ( বাচ্য ):-Transitive verb বা সকৰ্মক ক্ৰিয়াযুক্ত প্ৰতিটো sentence কে কৰ্তা, কৰ্ম আৰু ক্ৰিয়াপদ অনুসাৰে দুটা বিশেষ শ্ৰেণীত বিভক্ত কৰা হয়।এই দুটা শ্ৰেণীক Voice বা বাচ্য বুলি কোৱা হয়।
         Voice দুই প্ৰকাৰৰ- Active Voice আৰু Passive Voice.
1) Active Voice( কৰ্তৃবাচ্য):- যি বাক্যত কৰ্তা নিজে কাম কৰে সেই বাক্যক Active Voice বা কৰ্তৃবাচ্য বোলে।
যেনে:- Ram killed Ravana.
2) Passive Voice ( কৰ্মবাচ্য ):- যি বাক্যত কোনো কৰ্ম কৰ্তাৰ দ্বাৰা কৰা হয় আৰু সেই কৰ্ম কৰ্তাৰ ঠাইত বহে তাকে Passive Voice বা কৰ্মবাচ্য বোলে।
যেনে:- Ravana was killed by Ram.
** Note(টোকা):- মনত ৰাখিব লাগে যে Transitive verb অৰ্থাৎ যি verb ৰ object আছে তাক হে Passive Voice -লৈ ৰূপান্তৰ কৰিব পাৰি। Intransitive verb ৰ Passive Voice নহয়।
** Active voice sentence ৰ Subject টো Passive voice ত ' By ' বা ' with ' preposition ৰ object হৈ বহে। সাধাৰণতে জীৱিত প্ৰাণীৰ আগত ' by' preposition আৰু নিৰ্জীৱ বস্তুৰ আগৰ ' with ' preposition ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা হয়।
**  ( Some important Active to Pasive voice in Assamese )
1) সকলোৱে তেওঁক সন্মান কৰে।
    Active:- All respect him.
    Passive:- He is respected by all.
তেওঁক সকলোৱে সন্মান কৰে।
বা তেওঁ সকলোৰে দ্বাৰা সন্মানিত।
2) সিহঁতে ৰাস্তাটো মেৰামতি কৰি আছে।
Active:- They are repairing the road.
Passive:- The road is being repaired.
ৰাস্তাটো মেৰামতি কৰি আছে ( কৰি থকা হৈছে)।
3) মই কামটো কৰিলো।
Active:- I have do the work.
Passive:- The work has been done.
কামটো কৰা হ'ল।
4)  Active:-They elected him the leader.
সিহঁতে তেওঁক নেতা হিচাপে নিৰ্বাচিত কৰিছিল।
Passive:- He was elected the leader.
তেওঁ নেতা নিৰ্বাচিত হৈছিল।
5) Active:- I  informed him.
মই তেওঁক খবৰ দিছিলো।
Passive:- He was informed.
তেওঁক খবৰ দিছিল। ( দিয়া হৈছিল ).
** Rules for change of Voice
** Rule:-) Changing Pronoun Active voice into Passive Voice.
Active voice                        Passive voice
Subject Pronoun            Object Pronoun
I                        into              Me
We                   into               Us
You                  into              You
He                    into               Him
She                  into               Her
It                       into               It
They                into               Them
Who                 into               Whom
** Rule:-2) Changing Tense Active voice into Passive voice.
1) Present Indefinite Tense
Structure:-
Active:- S + V₁ + O
Passive:- O+am/is/are+V₃+by+S.
যেনে:-
a) The dog bites strangers.(HSLC-1999).
Ans : Strangers are bitten by the dog
b) Our teacher buys books every
    month.(HSLC-2006)
Ans : Books are bought every month by
    our teacher.
(c) I do not know his address.(HSLC-2006)
Ans : His address is not known to me.
(d)The lady helps the poor.(HSLC-2007).
Ans : The poor are helped by the lady.
(e) The grandmother looks after the
    child.(HSLC-2011)
Ans : The child is looked after by the
    grandmother.
(f) Children like sweets.(HSLC-2012)
Ans : Sweets are liked by the children.
(g) Accidents are caused by
    carelessness.(HSLC-2014)
Ans : Carelessness causes accident.
(h) I do not know his brother.(HSLC-2020)
 Ans: His brother is not known to me.
(i) English is spoken by many people all
over the world.(HSLC-2020)
Ans: Many people speak English all over
the world.
(j) The principal teaches us English.(HS-1999)
Ans:-English is taught us by the Principal.
(k) We know her. ( HS-2001)
Ans:-She is known to us.
(l) The teacher teaches me grammar.(HS-1993)
Ans:- I am taught grammar by the teacher.
or Grammar is taught to me by the teacher.
(m) The students respected the principal very much.( HS-2001)
Ans:-The principal is very much respected by the students.
(n) Everybody respects the teacher.( HS-1994)
Ans:-The teacher is respected ( by everybody).
(o) Many people in India speak English.(HS-1996)
Ans:- English is spoken by many people in India.
(p) His behaviour vexes me sometimes.( HS-2006)
Ans:- I am sometimes vexed at his behaviour.
(q) Mr.Johnson teaches us English.( HS-2007)
Ans:- English is taught us by Mr.Johnson.
(r) He likes tea.(HS-2013)
Ans:- Tea is liked by him.
(s) Morning shows the day.(HS-2020)
Ans:- The day is showed/shown by morning.
(t) She expects good news.
Ans: Good news is expected by her.
2) Present continuous Tense.
Structure:-
Active:-S+am/is/are+V₁+ing+O
Passive:-O+am/is/are+being+V₃+By+S
যেনে:-
1) The patient is being examined by a
    doctor.(HSLC-1998)
Ans : A doctor is examining the patient.
2) A doctor is examining the patients.(HSLC-2003)
Ans : The patients are being examined
    by a doctor.
3)The teacher is correcting our copies.(HSLC-2005)
Ans : Our copies are being corrected by
    the teacher.
4) He is writing a letter.(HSLC-2008)
Ans : A letter is being written by him.
5) The coach is training the players.(HS-2001)
Ans:- The players are being trained by the caoch.
6) The workers are demolishing the entire block.(HS-2006)
Ans:-The entire block is being demolished.
7) She is writing a letter.( HS-2008)
Ans:-A latter is being written by her.
8) The audience is laughing at the clown.(HS-2009)
Ans:-The clown is being laughed at.
9) The coach is training the players.( HS-2009)
Ans:- The players are being trained by the coach.
10) Rahul is flying a kite.( HS-2010)
Ans:-A kite is being flown by Rahul.
11) The coach is training the players.( HS-2017)
Ans:-The players are being trained by the coach.
12) I am writing a letter now.(HS-2019)
Ans:- A letter is being written by me now.
13) The nurse is looking after this little girl.(HS-2020)
Ans:-This little girl is being looked after by the nurse.
3) Present Perfect Tense.
Structure:-
Active:-S+Have/Has+V₃+O
Passive:-O+Have/Has+been+V₃+by+S
যেনে:-
1) We have completed the
    arrangements for the fair.(HSLC-1998)
Ans : The arrangements for the fair
    have been completed by us.
2)They have completed the work.(HSLC-2004)
Ans : The work has been completed
    by them.
3) I have posted the letter.(HSLC-2007)
Ans : The letter has been posted by me.
4) I have bought a few books.(HSLC-2009)
Ans : A few books have been bought by
    me.
5) The letters have been posted.(HSLC-2018)
Ans: I have posted the letters.
6) I have lost my English textbook.(HSLC-2019)
Ans: My English textbook has been lost.
7) I have lost my book.( HS-2000)
Ans:- My book has been lost.
8) The doctor has ordered me a new diet.(HS-2003)
Ans:- A new diet has been ordered me by the doctor.
9) The teacher has never taught the pupils to do that exercise.( HS-2004)
Ans:- The pupils have never been taught to do that exercise.
10) They have made Jhon manager of the firm.(HS-2004)
Ans:- John has been made manager of the firm.
11) Partha has written these poems.(HS-2009)
Ans:- These poem have been written by Partha.
12) I have lost my book.(HS-2017)
Ans:-My book has been lost.
13) Nobody has broken the glass.(HS-2020)
Ans:- The glass has not been broken by anybody.
4) Past Indefinite Tense
Structure:-
Active:-S+V₂+O
Passive:- O+Was/Were+V₃+by+S
যেনে:-
1) The bridge was completed in a
    record time.(HSLC-2000)
Ans : The workers completed the bridge
    in a record time.
2) The stage was decorated by the
    students.( HSLC-2002)
 Ans :The students decorated the stage.
3)The tiger was killed by the hunter.(HSLC-2003-08)
Ans : The hunter killed the tiger.
4) The workers repaired the bridge.(HSLC-2009)
Ans : The bridge was repaired by the
         workers.
5) We discussed the matter thoroughly.(HSLC-2010)
 Ans : The matter was discussed
    thoroughly by us.
6)I delivered all the letters.(HSLC-2010)
    Ans : All the letters were delivered by
    me.
7)The members elected him Secretary.(HSLC-2011)
Ans : He was elected secretary by the
    members.
8)We were surprised at his conduct.(HSLC-2015)
Ans : His conduct surprised us.
9) The Students elected him secretary.(HSLC-2016)
Ans : He was elected secretary by the
    students.
10)The stage was decorated by the
    students.(HSLC-2016)
Ans : The students decorated the
    stage.
11) America was discovered by
         Columbus.(HSLC-2017)
Ans: Columbus discovered America.
12)He did the work alone.(HSLC-2018)
Ans: The work was done alone by him.
13) He was punished for his misconduct.(HSLC-2019)
Ans: We punished him for his misconduct.
14) Newton discovered the law of gravitation(HS-1999)
15) The book was kept on the table.(HS-1999)
Ans:-She kept the book on the table.
16) The teacher punished the boy for misconduct.(HS-2000)
Ans:-The boy was punished for misconduct.
17) He told me the story.(HS-2000)
Ans:- I was told the story by him.
18) They laughed at us.( HS-2014-02)
Ans:- We were laughed at by them.
19 He gave me an interesting book.( HS-1996)
Ans:- An interesting book was given to me by him.
20) We invited two hundred people to the wedding.( HS-1997)
Ans:- Two hundred people were invited to the wedding .
21) An earthquake destroyed the town.(HS-2002)
Ans:- The town was destroyed by an earthquake.
22)  My father gave me a pen.( HS-2002)
Ans:- I was given a pen by my father.
23) They promised Mary a new doll for her birthday.( HS-2003)
Ans:-Mary was promised a new doll for her birthday.
24) They allowed him five minutes to get ready.(2003)
Ans:- He was allowed five minutes to get ready.
25) A friend told me the latest news this morning.( HS-2003)
Ans:- I was told the latest news by a friend this morning.
26) The owner himself shown them the house.( HS-2004)
Ans:- The house was shown them by the owner himself.
27) All laughed at him.( HS-2005)
Ans:- He was laughed at by all.
28) His conduct annoyed me.(HS-2010)
Ans:- I was annoyed at his conduct.
29) She bought the baby a doll.(HS- 2015)
Ans:- A doll was bought by her for the baby.
30) The authority refused them admission.( HS-2015)
Ans:- They were refused admission.
31) The police found him guilty of marder.( HS-2015)
Ans:- He was found guilty of murder.
32) The people welcomed the leader.(HS-2015)
Ans:- The leader was welcomed by the people.
33)The student was told to leave the room.(HS-2014)
Ans:-The teacher told the student to leave the room. Or
We told the student to leave the room.
35)The thief was beaten up by the mob.( HS-2014)
Ans:-The mob beat up the thief.
36) She bought the baby a doll.(HS-2015)
Ans:-The baby was bought a doll by her. Or
A doll was bought to the baby by her.
37) They were refused admission.(HS-2015)
Ans:-The authority refused them admission.
38) He was found guilty of murder.(HS-2015)
Ans:-They found him guilty of murder.
39)The leader was welcomed by the people.( HS-2015)
Ans:-People welcomed the leader.
40) She handed me the letter.( HS-2016)
Ans:-I was handed the letter by her. Or
The letter was handed to me by her.
41) They laughed at us.(HS-2016)
Ans:-We were laughed at by us.
42) The stranger made an attempt to break into the house.(HS-2016)
Ans:-An attempt was made to break into the house by the stranger.
43)The student was told to leave the room.(HS-2016)
Ans:-The teacher told the student to leave the room.
44) An earthquake destroyed the town.(HS-2018)
Ans:-The town was destroyed by an earthquake.
45) He was taught this in his boyhood.(HS-2018)
Ans:-We taught him this in his boyhood. Or
Mother taught him this in his boyhood.
46) The governor gave him a reward.(HS-2020)
Ans:-He was given a reward by the governor.
 5) Past continuous
Structure:-
Active voice:-S+Was/were+V₁+ing+O
Passive:-O+was/were+being+V₃+by+O
যেনে:-1) The postman was delivering the letters.(HS-2002)
Ans:- The letters were being delivered by a postman.
2) They were carring the injured to hospital.(HS-2005)
Ans:-The injured were being carried to hospital.
3 We were building buildings.
Ans:-Buildings were being build by us.
4) We were helping poor.
Ans:-Poor was being helped by us.
5) We were painting homes.
Ans:-Homes were being painted by us.
6) They were fighting with enemies.
Ans:-Enemies was being fought by them.
7) She was calling them.
Ans:-They was being called by her.
8) She was using make-up.
Ans:-Make Up was being used by her
9) He was cleaning Room.
Ans:-Room was being cleaned by him.
10) We were eating eggs.
Ans:-Eggs were being eaten by us.
11) They were recording voice.
Ans:-Voice was being recorded by them.
12) He was listening Song.
Ans:-Song was being listened by him.
13) She was killing mosquitoes.
Ans:-Mosquitoes was being killed by her.
14) She was running Free Service.
Ans:-Free Service was being run by her.
15) They were publishing my Designs.
Ans:-My Designs were being published by them.
6) **  Past Perfect Tense.
Structure:-
Active voice:- S+had+V₃+O
Passive voice:-O+had+been+V₃+by+S
যেনে:-
1)  The brave men had defended the city.
Ans:- The city had been defended by the brave men.
2)  The little girl had broken the window.
Ans:- The window had been broken by the little girl.
3) I had written a letter.
Ans:- A letter had been written by me.
4)They had Played football.
Ans:- Football had been played by them.
7) She had made cake.
Ans:- Cake had been made by her.
8) They had started Generator.
Ans:- Generator had been started by them.
9) She had made changes.
Ans:- Changes had been made by her.
10) I had repaired L.C.D.
Ans:- L.C.D had been repaired by me.
11) I had made TutorialsTutorials had been made by me.
12) They had implemented rulesRules had been implemented by them.
7)** Future Indefinite Tense
Structure:-
Active voice:- S+Shall/will+V₁+O
Passive voice:- O+shall/will+be+V₃+by+S.
যেনে:-
1) She will complete this project tomorrow.
Ans:- This project will be complete tomorrow by her.
2) I will tell him this story in the class.
Ans:- This story will be told him in the class by me.
3) Seema will take this medicine.
Ans:- This medicine will be taken daily by seema.
4) Ravi will laugh at you there.
Ans:- You will be laughed at there by Ravi.
5) I shall not beat him in the class today.
Ans:- He will not be beaten in the class today by me.
6) He will not do this job here.
Ans:- This job will not be done here by him.
7) She will not speak English in the office from tomorrow.
Ans:- English will not be spoken in the office from tomorrow by her.
8) I will teach you this subject tomorrow.
Ans:- This subject will be taught you tomorrow by me.
9) Everyone will blame us for this.
Ans:- We shall be blamed for this by everyone.
10) I will write a letter to my father.
Ans:- A letter will be written to my father by me.
8)** Future perfect Tense
Structure:-
Active voice:-S+shall/will+have+V₃+O
Passive voice:-O+shall/will+have+been+V₃+by+S
যেনে:-
1)I shall have learnt the lesson.
Ans:-The lesson will have been learnt by me.
2) The children will have seen the show.
Ans:-The show will have been seen by the children.
3) He will have read this book.
Ans:- This book will have been read by him.
4)She will have taken the test.
Ans: The test will have been taken by her.
5) They will have sold their house.
Ans:- Their house will have been sold by them.
6) The patient will have taken medicine.
Ans:- Medicine will have been taken by the patient.
7) We shall have done  our home task.
Ans:- Our home task will have been done by us.
8) He will not have abused me.
Ans:- I shall not have been abused by him.
9) Bhushan will have helped me.
Ans:- I shall have been  helped by Bhushan.
10) They will have said their prayers.
Ans:- Their prayers will have been said by them.
11) I shall have finished the work by 5.P.M.
Ans:- The work will have been finished by me by 5.P.M.
12) He will have read the novel by 4 o'clock in the afternoon.
Ans:- The novel will have been read by him by 4 o'clock in the afternoon.

Rule:-) click here:-https://realtigerconcept.blogspot.com/2021/05/In-passive-voice-sometimes-preposition-to-with-or-at-is-used-in-place-of-by..html

• Please click here:- Some HSLC extra correct tense